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      <image:title>Hawaii Disease and Pest Reports - Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid</image:title>
      <image:caption>Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) was reported from commercial greenhouse tomato plants in December 2018. In January 2016, plants showing stunting, foliar chlorosis and reddening, and leaf epinasty were observed on the island of Hawaii.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Hawaii Disease and Pest Reports - Longhorned Beetle</image:title>
      <image:caption>An individual longhorned beetle endemic to Australia that was found on the Big Island was reported as a new state record for Hawaii in 2009. Additional beetles were collected in Puna in 2013, and in 2014, larvae were found in ia bradfruit tree, linking a host plant to the beetle in Hawaii.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Hawaii Disease and Pest Reports - Two Scale Insects of Papaya</image:title>
      <image:caption>Philephedra tuberculasa was discovered on papaya in January 2018, a new state record for Hawaii. Pseudoparlatoria ostreata from papaya on Oahu was confirmed in February 2018.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Huanglongbing (HLB) Diagnostics</image:title>
      <image:caption>How to ship citrus tissue or psyllid samples for HLB testing.  For citrus tissue, twigs from each tree should be placed in a separate sealable bag and labeled.  For psyllids, insects from different trees can be placed in the same vial.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Huanglongbing (HLB) Diagnostics</image:title>
      <image:caption>Symptoms of HLB include 'blotchy mottle' of leaves, small fruit, and dark, aborted seeds.  The blotchy mottle symptom can be distinguished from common nutrient deficiencies by the asymmetric nature of the yellowing on either side of the leaf midrib</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Huanglongbing (HLB) Diagnostics</image:title>
      <image:caption>Asian citrus psyllid infestation and single adult on citrus</image:caption>
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    <lastmod>2023-05-20</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Alejandro Olmedo-Velarde</image:title>
      <image:caption>Alejandro is from Quito, Ecuador where he received his B.Sc. in biotechnology engineering at Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE. He enjoys working with microorganisms and specially working with viruses because they are really fascinating in the way that they have their own molecular biology, and evolve, adapt and mutate so rapidly. He loves his country, Ecuador, and although he’s from the Highlands (Andes region), he loves the Amazon area and coast area as well. In a future, he would like to contribute with the development in research areas related to agriculture and microorganisms in his country. Alejandro joined Dr. Melzer’s lab in January 2017 to do a M.Sc. degree on Tropical Plant Pathology at University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa in the Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences. I am working to determine and characterize the causal agent of a psorosis-like disease in tangelo trees and its development of diagnostic tools. He continued work in the lab and received his PhD in Dr. Melzer’s lab.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Nelson Masang, Jr.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Nelson is from the beautiful island nation of Palau. He received his BSc. in Natural Resource and Environment Management and his MS in Tropical Plant Pathology. He studied the coconut rhinoceros beetle in the efforts to bring this information back to strengthen the agro-security of my home island. He is currently working for Bayer.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Brandi Adams</image:title>
      <image:caption>Brandi was born and raised in Hawaiʻi, and worked in Dr. Melzer's lab since she was an undergraduate student. She graduated with a BSc in Molecular Cell Biology from UH Mānoa, and began the PEPS Master's program the following semester. Brandi’s research consists of analyzing current management tools as well as developing new management tools for the eradication of the coconut rhinoceros beetle in Hawaiʻi.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Shizu Watanabe, PhD</image:title>
      <image:caption>Shizu is originally from Kyoto, Japan and earned a Ph.D. in Molecular Biosciences focusing on plant virus and insect-vector interactions. While in Dr. Melzer’s lab, she worked with the coconut rhinoceros beetle eradication research project.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Megan Manley</image:title>
      <image:caption>Megan is originally from Oxnard, California and earned a BSc. in Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences from University of Hawai'i at Manoa. She received her MSc. in Entomology researching the coconut rhinoceros beetle and their egg laying behaviors to help aid in the detection of their breeding sites for eradication efforts. Please visit her page at ResearchGate for more information.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Jarin Loristo</image:title>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/552c62f0e4b0d3f18486a852/1619113759782-46NU71VN59QIBKSNB24W/chemist-1295545_1280.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Cheyenne Barela</image:title>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/552c62f0e4b0d3f18486a852/1539987333863-LI9V90U38204I1R0C6JG/riten.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Riten Gosai</image:title>
      <image:caption>Riten came to Dr. Melzer’s lab the town of Nadi – in the western division of the island nation of Fiji. He graduated with a Bachelor's Degree in Agriculture (Animal Science) from the University of the South Pacific’s Alafua campus, located in Samoa, in 2010. After graduation, he was employed with the Biosecurity Authority of Fiji (BAF). Working for the prime regulatory and plant protection organization of Fiji, he developed interest in agro-security, quarantine and plant pest and disease epidemiology. To pursue this interest further, he applied for and received a scholarship by the US Department of State’s Bureau for Education and Cultural Affairs for Master's Studies in Tropical Plant Pathology at the University of Hawaii, Manoa. Riten joined the Agrosecurity Lab in the Fall semester of 2014 and began working with the newly discovered Taro vein chlorosis virus (TaVCV) for his thesis. First reported in Hawaii in 2013, the disease was previously recorded in 8 other Pacific Island countries, namely Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. Owing to the fact that very limited knowledge was available about TaVCV in Hawaii, his research aimed to determine the genetic diversity of the virus in Hawaii. He was also interested in developing reliable molecular and serological diagnostic tests (sensitive and robust PCR and ELISA assays) to detect variant TaVCV isolates in Hawaii. It is known that TaVCV is not mechanically transmissible nor spread via seeds so Riten worked on determining the insect vector of TaVCV.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Adam Park</image:title>
      <image:caption>Adam was born and raised on the Island of Oahu and graduated with a Bachelor's Degree in Molecular Biosciences and Biotechnology with a specialization in Insect and Pathogen Biotechnology. He received his Master's Degree in Tropical Plant Pathology and worked on a newly emerged emara-like virus affecting Cordyline fruticosa.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Jaylinn Sugikawa</image:title>
      <image:caption>Jaylinn was born and raised on Oʻahu. She majored in Molecular Biosciences and Biotechnology at University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. She did her capstone project in Dr. Melzer’s lab that dealt with virus discovery/ sequencing.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Nikki Bourke</image:title>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/552c62f0e4b0d3f18486a852/1539987303953-EIR6XGWXF9GXSTPYARFV/Rafaela.JPG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Rafaela Ruschel</image:title>
      <image:caption>Rafaela was a third year Bachelors Degree student in Agronomic Engineering from Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), located in Botucatu, São Paulo when she came to Dr. Melzer’s lab. She is originally from the city of Piracicaba in Southeastern Brazil. In 2015, she began an internship program with the Plant Protection Department at UNESP, where she developed an interest in plant disease diagnosis and epidemiology. She worked on her own project to detect and analyze Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and Tomato mottle leaf curl virus (ToMLCV) in eggplant. Rafaela joined the Agrosecurity Laboratory in December 2015. During her two month stay, she participated in various projects that helped her expand her knowledge in phyto-virology. She also had the opportunity to assist with the “Potato Seed Certification and Targeted Pathogen Diagnostics” project undertaken by the Agrosecurity Lab in late December/early January, 2016. She also worked on a project aimed at identifying the species of suspected potyvirus that appeared on the Lilikoi plant in Hawaii.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Kishore Dey</image:title>
      <image:caption>Kishore completed my PhD in 2014 from the University of Hawaii, Department of PEPS with a specialization in Tropical Plant Pathology. He joined Dr. Melzer’s lab in 2015 as a Post Doctorate researcher working on three different projects: Molecular genetics of Taro bacilliform virus, Deep sequencing for unknown viral pathogens in Star Jasmine plants and Diagnostics on psyllid and citrus from Hawaii and the American Pacific for huanglongbing (citrus greening). His core expertise is in molecular plant virology. His interests are as varied as the subject plant pathology itself! He is curious about any plant disease weather its bacterial, fungal or viral!</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Miriam Long</image:title>
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      <image:title>Past Lab Members - Milena Leite de Oliveira</image:title>
      <image:caption>Milena is from Brazil, where she graduated with Biological Science from the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT-CUR), Rondonópolis, MT. Following her undergraduate studies, She received her Masters degree in Plant Protection from the São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil. She was a PhD student in the same program and institution, where she worked on plant viruses in different crops, mainly garlic and lettuce. I had experience working in the Virology lab, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences (PEPS) at University of Hawaii at Manoa (UH), under Dr. Michael J. Melzer. In 2014-2015, during my eight-month stay, she participated in various projects, including the star jasmine (Jasminum multiflorum L) plants, collected on the island of Oahu, which showed virus-like foliar symptoms, later recognized as tombusviruses.</image:caption>
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